Stephen Knight argued that the murders were a conspiracy involving multiple miscreants,[192] whereas others have proposed that each murder was committed by unconnected individuals acting independently of each other (which, if true, would mean there never actually was a single "Ripper" at all).[193]. Cook, pp. [72] However, Ellen Elliott had been strangled to death and had only light cuts to her abdomen, whereas the victims of the Ripper had their throats cut and had much more extensive abdominal wounds. Albert Victor, known as "Eddy" to his family, was neither intelligent, hardworking nor intellectually curious. "Making a killing from the Ripper". Henry Broadhurst, 1901, quoted in Cook, p. 100. Leeds: Leeds University, Department of Colour Chemistry. When Lechmere called over Robert Paul to look at her, no blood was visible, but by the time a constable found her shortly afterward, a pool had formed around her neck, suggesting the cut to her throat was extremely fresh when Lechmere and Paul were present (although modern forensics have shown that blood can ooze from a wound for up to two hours). The police denied any connection between Deeming and the Ripper.

According to the report, "The Prince's sallow face turned scarlet and his eyes seemed to start from their orbits," and he had one of his companions upbraid the fellow for impertinence.[46]. Albert believed in the power of art and design to improve the quality of life for everyone. Dissipated and unstable, he was apparently feeble-minded. [123] Hutchinson's statement was made on the day that Mary Kelly's inquest was held, and he was not called to testify. [86] He was hanged in Melbourne. The suggestion was widely dismissed, as Albert Victor had strong alibis for the murders, and it is unlikely that he suffered from syphilis. [131][132] The 2009 video game Sherlock Holmes Versus Jack the Ripper uses a combination of historically attested and embellished evidence to propose his candidacy. Major Miles quoted in Aronson, p. 81, Cook, p. 123 and Harrison, p. 92. 2302, quoted in Begg, Affidavit of Michael Barrett, 5 January 1995, quoted in Marriott, pp. The six other murdersthose of Emma Elizabeth Smith, Martha Tabram, Rose Mylett, Alice McKenzie, Frances Coles, and the Pinchin Street torsohave been linked with Jack the Ripper to varying degrees. Though not the first to suggest a link between the subversive artist and the Whitechapel butcher, the American crime novelist Patricia Cornwell became its leading proponent when she published her 2002 book Portrait of a Killer: Jack the RipperCase Closed. In it, she describes how she and a team of experts used modern investigatory and forensic techniques to establish Sickerts undeniable guilt, analyzing his paintings and comparing his DNA to samples found on several of the countless letters sent to the police and signed Jack the Ripper during and after the spate of murders. [122], With his dukedom, Albert Victor was granted a coat of arms, being the royal arms of the United Kingdom, differenced by an inescutcheon of the arms of Saxony and a label of three points argent, the centre point bearing a cross gules.[140]. 52, 5657; Harrison, pp. 1994. [146], Walter Richard Sickert (31 May 1860 22 January 1942) was a German-born artist of British and Danish ancestry, who was first mentioned as a possible Ripper suspect in Donald McCormick's book The Identity of Jack the Ripper (1959). Macnaghten thought Sadler "was a man of ungovernable temper and entirely addicted to drink, and the company of the lowest prostitutes". [104] The Prince is buried in the Albert Memorial Chapel close to St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. 122123, Greenwall, Harry The Strange Life of Willy Clarkson, (John Long, Limited 1937). Mary of Teck Biography; Author: Biography.com Editors . Edward VII (r.1901-1910) Prince Albert Edward was born at Buckingham Palace on 9 November 1841, the eldest son and second child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. [51], Francis Tumblety (c. 18331903) earned a small fortune posing as an "Indian Herb" doctor throughout the United States and Canada, and was commonly perceived as a misogynist and a quack. [148] The theory was later developed by author Jean Overton Fuller, and by crime novelist Patricia Cornwell in her books Portrait of a Killer (2002) and Ripper: The Secret Life of Walter Sickert (2017). [90], In mid-1890, Albert Victor was attended by several doctors. Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale. Period: 19th Century. Who Was Queen Victoria? The cause of his death has long been attributed to typhoid fever - but was this really what killed him? 5355; Evans and Rumbelow, pp. She became Empress of India in 1877. [63], The Whitechapel murders were featured heavily in the media and attracted the attention of Victorian society at large. He died two years later, presumably of natural causes. [78] The wedding was set for 27 February 1892. Rumours in his time linked him with the Cleveland Street scandal, which involved a homosexual brothel; however, there is no conclusive evidence that he ever went there, or was indeed homosexual. [18], Aaron Kosminski (born Aron Mordke Kozminski; 11 September 1865 24 March 1919) was a Polish Jew who was admitted to Colney Hatch Lunatic Asylum in 1891. [168][169], Other named suspects include German hairdresser Charles Ludwig, apothecary and mental patient Oswald Puckridge (18381900), insane medical student John Sanders (18621901), Swedish tramp Nikaner Benelius, and even social reformer Thomas Barnardo, who claimed he had met one of the victims (Elizabeth Stride) shortly before her murder. The New York Academy of Medicine denies possessing the records Spiering mentioned,[160] and when Spiering was offered access to the Royal Archives, he retorted: "I don't want to see any files.
Named after his father, he was known to his family and close friends as Bertie. Mary later married his younger brother, who eventually became King George V in 1910. [166] Jennifer Pegg demonstrated in two articles that much of the research in the book was flawed; for example, the version of the notebook entry used to argue that Williams had met Ripper victim Mary Ann Nichols had been altered for print and did not match the original document, and the line as found in the original document was in handwriting that did not match the rest of the notebook. Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale, His godparents were Queen Victoria (his paternal grandmother), King. This suspect also apparently fit their profile: a sexual maniac of a virulent type; that he was living in the immediate vicinity of the scenes of the murders; and that, if he was not living immediately alone, his people knew of his guilt, and refused to give him up to justice. [3] Dalton complained that Albert Victor's mind was "abnormally dormant". [141] In addition to the diary, a gentleman's pocket watch made around 1847 was presented by Albert Johnson in 1993. Given the closeness in age of the two royal brothers, they were educated together. [54] In 1865, he was arrested for alleged complicity in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, but no connection was found and he was released without being charged. ", Vanderlinden, Wolf (2008). [186] The available material has been handled many times and is therefore far too contaminated to provide any meaningful results. Additionally, Clarkson's biography quotes him as stating that the police obtained disguises from him for their search for the Ripper, and as such, he would have been aware of the trails they followed, allowing him to elude capture. "[99] His younger brother Prince George wrote, "how deeply I did love him; & I remember with pain nearly every hard word & little quarrel I ever had with him & I long to ask his forgiveness, but, alas, it is too late now! [9] His decomposed body was found floating in the Thames near Chiswick on 31 December 1888. In 2006, a study by the Australian scientist Ian Findlay yielded surprising results that gave credence to the Jill the Ripper theory. He was christened Albert Victor Christian Edward in the private chapel of Buckingham Palace on 10 March 1864 by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Charles Longley, but was known informally as "Eddy". Blanche Beresford, Marchioness of Waterford to Reginald Brett, 2nd Viscount Esher, 31 December 1889, quoted in Aronson, p. 168 and Cook, pp.

[66] This hypothesis was built upon by historians Euan Macpherson and William Beadle,[67] who argued that comments by Ellen had indicated she had inside knowledge of the Ripper's whereabouts. Get HISTORYs most fascinating stories delivered to your inbox three times a week. "[29], In July 1889, the Metropolitan Police uncovered a male brothel operated by Charles Hammond in London's Cleveland Street. "[43], While English newspapers suppressed mention of the Prince's name in association with the case, Welsh-language,[44] colonial, and American newspapers were less inhibited. 218222; Evans and Skinner, Macnaghten's notes quoted in Rumbelow, p. 143, Rumbelow, p. 266; Whitehead and Rivett, p. 126. [41] Ostrog was last mentioned alive in 1904; the date of his death is unknown. Hair-cutting shears and barber-surgeon tools (his father or grandfather allegedly being a barber-surgeon) of the kind used by a wig-maker at the time closely match the shape and style of the weapons suspected to have been used in the murders. "[9] In 1877, the two boys were sent to the Royal Navy's training ship, HMS Britannia. [108] This claim is not taken seriously by scholars. Lechmere did not come forward until Paul mentioned him to the press, and he gave evidence under the name "Charles Cross" at the inquest; Cross was the surname of a stepfather. Norris highlights a few features of the Kelly story to support his contention. The exact nature of his "dissipations" is not clear, but in 1994 Theo Aronson favoured the theory on "admittedly circumstantial" evidence that the "unspecified 'dissipations' were predominantly homosexual". [79], In 1891, Albert Victor wrote to Lady Sybil St Clair Erskine that he was in love once again, though he does not say with whom. 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[50], The rumours persisted; sixty years later the official biographer of George V, Harold Nicolson, was told by Lord Goddard, who was a twelve-year-old schoolboy at the time of the scandal, that Albert Victor "had been involved in a male brothel scene, and that a solicitor had to commit perjury to clear him. 212214. Height: 0.5 in (1.27 cm) Width: 0.001 in (0.03 mm) Depth: 0.001 in (0.03 mm) Materials and Techniques: Other. [116] Fido identified Cohen with "Leather Apron" (see John Pizer above), and speculated that Cohen's true identity was Nathan Kaminsky, a bootmaker living in Whitechapel who had been treated at one time for syphilis, and who could not be traced after mid-1888: The same time that Cohen appeared. [25] Princess Augusta of Cambridge was also dismissive, calling him: "si peu de chose" [such a small thing].

Rev. [154] However, Harrison's analysis was rebutted by professional document examiners. Cook p. 103, quoting from correspondence in the Royal archives Z 474/63. He gave a very detailed description of the man, claiming he was "of Jewish appearance", despite the darkness of that night. The conspiracy theories surrounding Albert Victor have led to his portrayal in film as somehow responsible for or involved in the Jack the Ripper murders. [172] According to Donald McCormick, other suspects included mountebank L. Forbes Winslow,[173] whose own suspect in the case was a religious maniac, G. Wentworth Bell Smith. [119], Sir William Withey Gull, Bt (31 December 1816 29 January 1890) was physician-in-ordinary to Queen Victoria. Van Onselen has responded by saying that the number of circumstances involved should make Silver a suspect. [15] Some biographers have said that Stephen was a misogynist, although this has recently been questioned,[16] and he may have felt emotionally attached to Albert Victor, but whether or not his feelings were overtly homosexual is open to question. The detective, Trevor Marriott, a former member of the Bedfordshire homicide squad, points to the fact that two merchant docks were in operation near Whitechapeland that the men who passed through them were known to frequent local brothels. [17] However, others disagree that Chapman is a likely culprit, as he murdered his three wives with poison, and it is uncommon (though not unheard of) for a serial killer to make such a drastic change in modus operandi. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. Hlne travelled personally to intercede with Pope Leo XIII, but he confirmed her father's verdict, and the courtship ended. Conventional historians have never taken Gull seriously as a suspect due to sheer lack of evidence; in addition, he was in his seventies at the time of the murders and had recently suffered a stroke.

Joseph Barnett (c. 18581927) was a former fish porter, and victim Mary Kelly's lover from 8 April 1887 to 30 October 1888, when they quarrelled and separated after he lost his job and she returned to prostitution to make a living. [54] This is not true;[55] the trip had actually been planned since the spring. Evans, Stewart P.; Skinner, Keith (2002). This sketch depicts Victoria, Princess Royal and Albert Edward, Prince of Wales as young children playing together. [26], Much of Albert Victor's time at his post in Aldershot was spent drilling, which he disliked, though he did like to play polo. Sturgis, Matthew (3November 2002). [174] The theories continue, such as the 2009 addition of morgue assistant Robert Mann to the long list of suspects. 3. These murders occurred between August and November 1888 within a short distance of each other, and are collectively known as the "canonical five". Yet by the time of his premature death in 1892, he had disappointed his family and been linked to a sexual scandal. (2018). ", "Casebook: Jack the Ripper Charles Cross was Jack the Ripper? Date of Manufacture:

This visit was heavily encouraged by Leopold, wanting to set up the Queen with Albert.. [94] Letters dated 1885 and 1886 from Albert Victor to his doctor at Aldershot (known only as "Roche") detail that he was taking medicine for 'glete' (gleet), then a term for gonorrhea discharge.[95]. [63], On his return from India, Albert Victor was created Duke of Clarence and Avondale and Earl of Athlone on 24 May 1890, Queen Victoria's 71st birthday.[65]. Drawn together during their shared period of mourning, Prince George later married Mary himself in 1893. His tomb, by Alfred Gilbert, is "the finest single example of late 19th-century sculpture in the British Isles". All Rights Reserved. Sims. In 1933, he was charged with demanding money with menace and attempted extortion after writing to the King asking for hush money.

In 1960, Stowell told the rumour to writer Colin Wilson, who in turn told Harold Nicolson, a biographer loosely credited as a source of "hitherto unpublished anecdotes" in Jullian's book. Albert Victor Christian Edward, afterwards Duke of Clarence and Avondale (CLRN883AV)", "The monarchs we never had: Prince Albert Victor (18641892)", Albert Victor Hissed: Frenchmen Express Disapproval Of The English Prince, "Royal cover-up of illegitimate son revealed", Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence: Two letters on the delicate matter of his sexual health, "Agraciamentos Portugueses Aos Prncipes da Casa Saxe-Coburgo-Gota", Staatshandbcher fr das Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha, Staatshandbuch fr das Groherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach, "Ritter-Orden: Kniglich-ungarischer St. Stephans-orden", "Albert Victor, Prince, duke of Clarence and Avondale (18641892)", Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh, Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn, Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex, Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh, Prince Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince Charles Edward, Duke of Albany and of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick, Alastair, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Johann Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Albert, Prince Consort of the United Kingdom, King Ferdinand II of Portugal and the Algarves, Prince William, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prince_Albert_Victor,_Duke_of_Clarence_and_Avondale&oldid=1158351275, Burials at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (United Kingdom), Peers of the United Kingdom created by Queen Victoria, Freemasons of the United Grand Lodge of England, Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, Grand Crosses of the Order of the Star of Romania, Recipients of the Order of the Netherlands Lion, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Prince Albert Victor Christian Edward of Wales, Honorary Colonel, Third City of London Rifle Volunteer Corps (. There was no evidence and her claims were dismissed. [90] Xanth Mallett, a Scottish forensic anthropologist and criminologist who investigated the case in 2011, wrote there is considerable doubt that all of the Jack the Ripper murders were committed by the same person. After his execution, his lawyer, William Sanford Lawton, claimed that Feigenbaum had admitted to having a hatred of women and a desire to kill and mutilate them. After Queen Elizabeth II, Victoria. He wrote, I can quite understand the Prince of Wales being much annoyed at his son's name being coupled with the thing but that was the case before I left it we were both accused of going to this place but not together they will end by having out in open court exactly what they are all trying to keep quiet. He wrote in a book, and later boasted in jail that he was Jack the Ripper, but he was either imprisoned[84] or in South Africa[85] at the time of the Ripper murders. Thanks to the popularity of this theory among fiction writers and for its dramatic nature, Gull shows up as the Ripper in a number of books and films including the TV film Jack the Ripper (1988), Alan Moore and Eddie Campbell's graphic novel From Hell (1999), and its 2001 film adaptation, in which Ian Holm plays Gull. Mary of Teck writing to Queen Victoria, quoted in Pope-Hennessy, p. 226. He swore under oath that he and his wife, Anne, had forged it. [23], One of Albert Victor's instructors said he learnt by listening rather than reading or writing and had no difficulty remembering information,[24] but Prince George, Duke of Cambridge, had a less favourable opinion of him, calling him "an inveterate and incurable dawdler". [134], James Maybrick (24 October 1838 11 May 1889) was a Liverpool cotton merchant. He became fascinated with the Jack the Ripper case, particularly while renting a room that his landlady believed the killer had once inhabited; the experience inspired him to paint the haunting Jack the Rippers Bedroom around 1907. In a statement to police, Albert Victor's lawyers admitted that there had been "some relations" between him and Mrs. Haddon, but denied the claim of fatherhood. Nicolson could have communicated Stowell's theory to Jullian. [119] Biographer Andrew Cook continued attempts to rehabilitate Albert Victor's reputation, arguing that his lack of academic progress was partly due to the incompetence of his tutor, Dalton; that he was a warm and charming man; that there is no tangible evidence that he was homosexual or bisexual; that he held liberal views, particularly on Irish Home Rule; and that his reputation was diminished by biographers eager to improve the image of his brother, George.[120]. The suspect's presence in Bradford around Christmas 1888 also coincides with the murder of a seven-year-old boy, Johnnie Gill, a murder which the Ripper had foretold to police in a letter. [64] For example, at the time of the murders, Richard Mansfield, a famous actor, starred in a theatrical version of Robert Louis Stevenson's book Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Somerset's sister, Lady Waterford, denied that her brother knew anything about Albert Victor. Hitchens, Christopher (8 November 1990). Lechmere's home address, visits to family, and route to work link him to the times and places of murders; he passed three streets where Martha Tabram, Polly Nichols, and Annie Chapman were murdered roughly at the same time the murders are estimated to have occurred. Coles was murdered on 13 February 1891. "[68] In 1894, she married Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, another of Albert Victor's cousins. Aronson, p. 110; Cook, p. 9; Cornwell, pp. Trow fingered Robert Mann, an attendant at the Whitechapel mortuary where the victims were brought and examined. 1. Prince Albert Victor, her eldest son, died in 1892 at the age of 28 after falling ill during a flu pandemic. 133135; Harrison, pp. Inspector Abberline questioned him for four hours after Kelly's murder, and his clothes were examined for bloodstains, but he was then released without charge. Macnaghten's notes quoted by Evans and Skinner.

Report by Inspector Joseph Helson, CID 'J' Division, in the Metropolitan Police archive, MEPO 3/140 ff. On 10 February, Bury went to the local police and told them his wife had committed suicide. She concludes that "Feigenbaum could have been responsible for one, some or perhaps all" of the Whitechapel murders. [3] Most of their suggestions cannot be taken seriously,[3] and include English novelist George Gissing, British prime minister William Ewart Gladstone, and syphilitic artist Frank Miles. In the former, he is the British monarch during the First World War. [188] Nevertheless, Jeff Mudgett, himself a descendant of notorious American serial killer H. H. Holmes, used these handwriting samples in an attempt to link Holmes to the Ripper case. Official records, newspaper reports and other sources, however, offer strong indication that the prince was nowhere near Whitechapel when the victims died. [181] Women proposed as the Ripper include the convicted murderers Mary Pearcey[182] and Constance Kent,[183] and even Theosophist Helena Blavatsky. [6] The alibis of local butchers and slaughterers were investigated, with the result that they were eliminated from the inquiry. She denied any relation to them, however, and there was no evidence to contradict her claim. In the early days of the Whitechapel murders, many locals suspected that "Leather Apron" was the killer, which was picked up by the press, and Pizer was known as "Leather Apron". Kate Middleton is 5ft 9in (1.75m) - three inches taller than her counterpart, Meghan Markle. [110][111], William Berry "Willy" Clarkson (1861 12 October 1934) was the royal wigmaker and costume-maker to Queen Victoria and lived approximately two miles from each of the canonical five crime scenes. Journalists, letter writers, and amateur detectives all suggested names either in the press or to the police. Letter from Dalton in the Royal Archives, 6 April 1879, quoted in Cook, p. 52. The Prince also appears as the murder victim in the first of the Lord Francis Powerscourt crime novels Goodnight Sweet Prince, and as a murder suspect in the novel Death at Glamis Castle by Robin Paige. [5] However, others disagreed strongly, and thought the wounds too crude to be professional. Queen Victoria and her first cousin Prince Albert, who married on February 10, 1840, had nine children. Day, Peter and Ungoed-Thomas, John (27 November 2005), "Letters to the King: Haddon bound over". Even if Haddon's claim had been true, as with other illegitimate births it would have made no difference to the royal line of succession. [10] Dalton accompanied them as chaplain to the ship. He died at the asylum in October 1889. [7] Over 2,000 people were interviewed, "upwards of 300" people were investigated, and 80 people were detained.[8].