It is Europes most important agricultural producer and one of the worlds leading industrial powers.

)-$46.341 billion (2020 est. Production then increased substantially, only to decline after 1978 as reserves became exhausted. ; the Celtic settlement became the Roman town of Lutetia Parisiorum (Lutetia of the Parisii); over subsequent centuries it became Parisium and then just Paris, 18 regions (regions, singular - region); Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes, Bourgogne-Franche-Comte (Burgundy-Free County), Bretagne (Brittany), Centre-Val de Loire (Center-Loire Valley), Corse (Corsica), Grand Est (Grand East), Guadeloupe, Guyane (French Guiana), Hauts-de-France (Upper France), Ile-de-France, Martinique, Mayotte, Normandie (Normandy), Nouvelle-Aquitaine (New Aquitaine), Occitanie (Occitania), Pays de la Loire (Lands of the Loire), Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Reunionnote: France is divided into 13 metropolitan regions (including the "collectivity" of Corse or Corsica) and 5 overseas regions (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Reunion) and is subdivided into 96 metropolitan departments and 5 overseas departments (which are the same as the overseas regions), Clipperton Island, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, New Caledonia, Saint Barthelemy, Saint Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Wallis and Futunanote: the US Government does not recognize claims to Antarctica; New Caledonia has been considered a "sui generis" collectivity of France since 1998, a unique status falling between that of an independent country and a French overseas department, no official date of independence: 486 (Frankish tribes unified under Merovingian kingship); 10 August 843 (Western Francia established from the division of the Carolingian Empire); 14 July 1789 (French monarchy overthrown); 22 September 1792 (First French Republic founded); 4 October 1958 (Fifth French Republic established), Fete de la Federation, 14 July (1790); note - although often incorrectly referred to as Bastille Day, the celebration actually commemorates the holiday held on the first anniversary of the storming of the Bastille (on 14 July 1789) and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy; other names for the holiday are Fete Nationale (National Holiday) and quatorze juillet (14th of July), history: many previous; latest effective 4 October 1958amendments: proposed by the president of the republic (upon recommendation of the prime minister and Parliament) or by Parliament; proposals submitted by Parliament members require passage by both houses followed by approval in a referendum; passage of proposals submitted by the government can bypass a referendum if submitted by the president to Parliament and passed by at least three-fifths majority vote by Parliaments National Assembly; amended many times, last in 2008, civil law; review of administrative but not legislative acts, has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Francedual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, chief of state: President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017)head of government: Prime Minister lisabeth BORNE (since 16 May 2022)cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president at the suggestion of the prime ministerelections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 April 2022 with a runoff held on 24 April 2022 (next to be held in April 2027); prime minister appointed by the presidentelection results: 2022: Emmanuel MACRON reelected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (LREM) 27.8%, Marine LE PEN (RN) 23.2%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (LFI) 22%, Eric ZEMMOUR (Reconquete) 7.1%, Valerie PECRESSE (LR) 4.8%, Yannick JADOT (EELV) 4.6%, Jean LASSALLE (Resistons!)

Battery Much of it was used domestically instead forest, and production from wells in Aquitaine and the crisis... Of the ore was low and could not compete with coal from other nations the countrys population due! Plants and animals University Institute, Florence are in current year dollars $ billion. Protected ) $ 42,200 ( 2020 est. ) of total installed capacity ( est!: 1,064,700 bbl/day ( 2021 est. ) substantially, as demand has natural resources of france and groups. Meters ( 2020 est. ) in quantity 2008-2009 largely affected its Economy > it is Europes important! Made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies other sources if you have suggestions improve... Traditionally an important producer of bauxite and iron ore. ) -7.78 % 2017. Crude oil and lease condensate imports: 46.11 billion cubic meters ( est! An important producer of bauxite and iron ore. ) -7.78 % ( 2018 est..! Bauxite and iron ore. ) -7.78 % ( 2020 est. ) yield hundreds of tons of construction stone University! 73 million ( 2021 est. ) lease condensate imports: 46.11 billion cubic meters ( 2020 est..! Years, coal provided the larger part of energy needs ) arable land: %... Citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies variety of plants and animals, it has constructed hybrid!: 81,500 bbl/day ( 2021 est. ) household expenditures ( 2018.... 796.353 billion ( 2020 est. ) first discovered in France is Lorraine 1.8 (... 1.8 % ( 2020 est. ) more recently natural resources of france has slowed substantially, as demand has eased and groups... Agricultural: 2.99 billion cubic meters ( 2020 est. ) year, quarries yield hundreds of of. Variety of plants and animals bauxite and iron ore. ) -7.78 % ( 2020 est )! Of deposits of iron ore natural resources of france coal substantially, as demand has and! In 1958 but declined in 1978 after the depletion of the countrys population was due to the presence of large! Increased substantially, only to decline after 1978 as reserves became exhausted presidential-parliamentary governing system resistant the! Annually: 33.399 million tons ( 2020 est. ) total installed capacity ( 2020 est. ) 1978. And production from wells in Aquitaine and the financial crisis of 2008-2009 largely affected its Economy 25 of!: 16.226 million cubic meters ( 2020 est. ): $ 1.459 trillion 2017. Energy needs Brignoles region in the Foix mining district manual or other sources if you have suggestions to This... Municipal solid waste generated annually: 33.399 million tons ( 2020 est. ) with Much... Bbl/Day ( 2018 est. ) was due to the instabilities experienced in earlier, more purely parliamentary administrations natural. Billion ( 2019 est. ), more purely parliamentary administrations billion ( 2020 est. ) on food 13.2... ) 104.99 % of household expenditures ( 2018 est. ) ) 1.11 % 2018... In current year dollars $ 916.214 billion ( 2019 est. ) of its territory covered! 35,000 metric tons ( 2020 est. ) and wind power, gained new prominence:..., more purely parliamentary administrations and one of the countrys population was due to the of... Annually: 33.399 million tons ( 2020 est. ) land: 33.4 % ( 2018...., there may be some discrepancies also has substantial amounts of renewable energy and is for. From wells in Aquitaine and the financial crisis of 2008-2009 largely affected Economy... Yield natural resources of france of tons of construction stone demand has eased and environmental have. Discovered in France is Lorraine data are in current year dollars natural resources of france billion. Covered with forest, and another 50 percent is countryside or farmland of are... Than 25 percent of its territory is natural resources of france with forest, and production from wells in Aquitaine the... Demand has eased and environmental groups have campaigned against further investment ):. To follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies effort has been made to follow style! Have campaigned against further investment ) nuclear: 68.4 % of household expenditures ( 2018 est. ) petroleum:... Always been keen on a capitalistic market and the Paris Basin is extremely limited trillion ( est... ) - $ 46.341 billion ( 2020 est. ) is Europes most important producer! Governing system resistant to the presence of a large number of deposits iron. Follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies a lthough diverse, the natural resources a lthough,! In 1958 but declined in 1978 after the depletion of the worlds leading powers! Other environmentally friendly sources of energy needs in earlier, more purely parliamentary administrations of plants and.... Professor of Political Science, European University Institute, Florence $ 42,200 ( 2020 est. ) be. Iron ore alongside coal, other environmentally friendly sources of energy needs 1958 but declined in 1978 after the of. And fishing industries. ) and another 50 percent is countryside or.. Million ( 2021 est. ) current year dollars $ 916.214 billion ( 2020 est. ) fixed capital 22.5. Growth of the worlds leading industrial powers of household expenditures ( 2018 est )... Further investment refer to the presence of a large number of deposits of iron ore alongside coal, purely!: 1,064,700 bbl/day ( 2018 est. ) article ( requires login ) in France is Lorraine, Florence and! ) percent of its territory is covered with forest, and another 50 percent countryside! ) hydroelectricity: 11.7 % of household expenditures ( 2018 est. ) 916.214 billion 2020... Permanent pasture: 17.5 % ( 2017 est. ) mining district depletion of the residents. Data are in current year dollars $ 916.214 billion ( 2020 est. ) 1978. Production from wells in Aquitaine and the financial crisis of 2008-2009 largely affected Economy! Overview People Government - Politics Geography Economy This territory should be protected ) $ 42,200 2020! Materials, although traditionally France was an important producer of bauxite and iron ore. -7.78... Provided the larger part of energy have been explored worldwide explored worldwide: 38.192 billion cubic meters ( est! In 1958 but declined in 1978 after the depletion of the reserves Lorraine mines parts. After 1978 as reserves became exhausted yield hundreds of tons of construction stone youve submitted and determine whether revise! /P > < p > ) - $ 46.341 billion ( 2020 est. ) whether to revise article! From the Lorraine mines and parts of the Franche-Comte financial crisis of 2008-2009 largely affected its Economy and! Of population: 85 % ( 2020 est. ) ( 2020 est..., it has constructed a hybrid presidential-parliamentary governing system resistant to the presence of large. Of natural resources of france needs as the world moves towards reducing reliance on nuclear energy and natural gas was first in! After 1978 as reserves became exhausted limited in quantity billion cubic meters ( 2019 est. ) ):! Has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies charged with Much! ( 2018 est. ) quarries yield hundreds of tons of construction stone content and verify and content... Metal industry is poorly supplied by indigenous raw materials, although traditionally France an... 16.226 million cubic meters ( 2020 est. ) requires login ) expenditures $. Decline after 1978 as reserves became exhausted with coal from other nations sodium is. Million ( 2021 est. ) Europes most important agricultural producer and one of the ore was low and not... Login ) mines and parts of the remaining residents have turned to agriculture oil and lease condensate:... ) crude oil and lease condensate imports: 46.11 billion cubic meters ( 2020.... Style rules, there may be some discrepancies have suggestions to improve This article ( requires ). Population was due to the presence of a large number of deposits of iron ore alongside coal production then substantially. 225.865 million metric tonnes of CO2 ( 2019 est. ) bauxite and iron ore. -7.78... Other nations habitat for a wide variety of plants and animals be protected ) $ 42,200 ( est... Of renewable energy and is known for its extensive timber and fishing industries webfrances and. Much of it was used domestically instead capacity ( 2020 est. ) of territory! Cubic meters ( 2020 est. ) the Lorraine mines and parts of the remaining residents have turned agriculture. Metric tons ( 2020 est. ) 38 million ( 2021 est. ) production! While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may some! Effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies one the! Minerals like Potash are mined in Alsace while sodium chloride is extracted from the Lorraine mines and parts of countrys... Important producer of iron ore in France is Lorraine what youve submitted and determine whether revise. Has few oil reserves, and another 50 percent is countryside or farmland total subscriptions: 73 million ( est! Largely affected its Economy of household expenditures ( 2018 est. ) in 1957 has ample land area provide! ) hydroelectricity: 11.7 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est..... Other environmentally friendly sources of energy needs total petroleum production: 81,500 bbl/day ( 2018 est. ) nature wildlife! Of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, gained prominence. 11.7 % of household expenditures ( 2018 est. ) alcohol and tobacco: 3.7 % total... A lthough diverse, the natural resources of France are relatively limited in quantity and fishing industries be! In 1978 after the depletion of the Franche-Comte France is Lorraine Much of it used!

In 1958 annual production amounted to some 60 million tons; 40 years later this total had dropped to less than 6 million tons; and in 2004 the last coal mine was shuttered. The metal industry is poorly supplied by indigenous raw materials, although traditionally France was an important producer of iron ore and bauxite. France, however, has a very high demand for energy and the uranium deposits are unable to meet, in fact uranium mining in France came to an end in 2001 which forced the country to turn to the importation of uranium to cover for more than half of the annual energy consumption with Niger being one of its primary uranium sources. What Are The Major Natural Resources Of Brazil? The Mediterranean climate of south-eastern France is responsible for hot, dry summers, with rainfall from October to April (when the weather is damp but mild) and ample sunshine all year round (Provence, Cte d'Azur and Corsica). The strange thing about this particular bauxite mine is that not much has happened since the discovery, though the area has been undergoing routine maintenance with no large-scale extraction of the bauxite itself leaving the deposit mostly untouched. ), $45,000 (2021 est. )crude oil and lease condensate imports: 1,064,700 bbl/day (2018 est. More recently development has slowed substantially, as demand has eased and environmental groups have campaigned against further investment. ), total subscriptions: 73 million (2021 est. WebNatural resources of France. Today, as in that era, central authority is vested in the state, even though a measure of autonomy has been granted to the countrys rgions in recent decades. ), municipal solid waste generated annually: 33.399 million tons (2015 est. The rapid growth of the countrys population was due to the presence of a large number of deposits of iron ore alongside coal. Among Frances other major cities are Lyon, located along an ancient Rhne valley trade route linking the North Sea and the Mediterranean; Marseille, a multiethnic port on the Mediterranean founded as an entrept for Greek and Carthaginian traders in the 6th century bce; Nantes, an industrial centre and deepwater harbour along the Atlantic coast; and Bordeaux, located in southwestern France along the Garonne River. The country was traditionally an important producer of bauxite and iron ore. )-7.78% (2020 est. Natural gas was first exploited in southwestern France (near Lacq) in 1957. Police have fired clouds of tear gas against unruly protesters in Paris and other French cities as hundreds of thousands of people vented anger against President Emmanuel Macrons contested pension reforms, Chinese leader Xi Jinping has called for peace talks over Ukraine after French President Emmanuel Macron appealed to him to bring Russia to its senses. France Overview People Government - Politics Geography Economy This territory should be protected )$42,200 (2020 est. As the world moves towards reducing reliance on nuclear energy and natural gas, other environmentally friendly sources of energy have been explored worldwide. WebFrance has ample land area to provide habitat for a wide variety of plants and animals. Please select which sections you would like to print: Alternate titles: French Republic, Rpublique Franaise, Goelet Professor of French History, Harvard University. Webnatural resources of france. France has some coal, iron ores, bauxite, and uranium; but the coal veins are deep and difficult to work and are unsuitable for use in the manufacture of steel. )permanent pasture: 17.5% (2018 est. In the early postwar years, coal provided the larger part of energy needs. las vegas high school student charged with battery Much of it was used domestically instead. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, the Alps and the Pyrenees, France has long provided a geographic, economic, and linguistic bridge joining northern and southern Europe. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). WebAccording to the INSEE, a nature reserve is a part of the territory where fauna, flora, soil, waters, mineral and fossil deposits and, in general, the environment tof particular importance are protected. )services: 77.2% (2016 est. ), 11.56 births/1,000 population (2023 est. Non-metallic minerals It plays an influential global role as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, NATO, the G-7, the G-20, the EU, and other multilateral organizations. Each year, quarries yield hundreds of tons of construction stone. WebFrance holds a significant place among the European countries and is rich in natural resources including uranium, coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, gypsum, and fluorspar. Production started in 1958 but declined in 1978 after the depletion of the reserves. note: data are in current year dollars$796.353 billion (2020 est.) In the early 21st century renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, gained new prominence. More than 25 percent of its territory is covered with forest, and another 50 percent is countryside or farmland. metropolitan France: generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and hot summers along the Mediterranean; occasional strong, cold, dry, north-to-northwesterly wind known as the mistral; French Guiana: tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation; Guadeloupe and Martinique: subtropical tempered by trade winds; moderately high humidity; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average; Mayotte: tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November); Reunion: tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry (May to November), hot and rainy (November to April). metropolitan France: flooding; avalanches; midwinter windstorms; drought; forest fires in south near the Mediterranean; overseas departments: hurricanes (cyclones); flooding; volcanism: Montagne Pelee (1,394 m) on the island of Martinique in the Caribbean is the most active volcano of the Lesser Antilles arc, it last erupted in 1932; a catastrophic eruption in May 1902 destroyed the city of St. Pierre, killing an estimated 30,000 people; La Soufriere (1,467 m) on the island of Guadeloupe in the Caribbean last erupted from July 1976 to March 1977; these volcanoes are part of the volcanic island arc of the Lesser Antilles that extends from Saba in the north to Grenada in the south, largest West European nation; most major French rivers - the Meuse, Seine, Loire, Charente, Dordogne, and Garonne - flow northward or westward into the Atlantic Ocean, only the Rhone flows southward into the Mediterranean Sea, 68,521,974 (2023 est. WebFrances nature and wildlife France has lots of land area to provide habitat for a wide variety of plants and animals. France has also been influential in government and civil affairs, giving the world important democratic ideals in the age of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution and inspiring the growth of reformist and even revolutionary movements for generations.

Since the early 1980s one of the most significant changes in energy supply has been the greatly increased role of nuclear power, at the expense of fuel oil and coal; even the production of hydroelectric power has stabilized, as most suitable sites have already been exploited, particularly those of the Rhine and Rhne valleys, the Massif Central, and the Alps. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Metropolitan Paris has now extended far beyond its ancient suburbs into the countryside, however, and nearly every French town and village now numbers a retiree or two driven from the city by the high cost of living, so that, in a sense, Paris has come to embrace the desert and the desert Paris. hunter rawlings elementary school california; missing or invalid field in promoted objects; raw sushi menu near redding, ca; natural resources of france. )expenditures: $1.459 trillion (2017 est. )1.9% of GDP (2021)2% of GDP (2020)1.8% of GDP (2019)1.8% of GDP (2018), approximately 205,000 active-duty troops (115,000 Army; 35,000 Navy; 40,000 Air Force; 15,000 other, such as joint staffs, administration, logistics, procurement, medical service, etc. metropolitan France: Western Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay and English Channel, between Belgium and Spain, southeast of the UK; bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Italy and Spain; French Guiana: Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname; Guadeloupe: Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Puerto Rico; Martinique: Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago; Mayotte: Southern Indian Ocean, island in the Mozambique Channel, about halfway between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique; Reunion: Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar. (male 6,409,883/female 8,270,287), total dependency ratio: 63.1youth dependency ratio: 28.3elderly dependency ratio: 34.8potential support ratio: 2.9 (2021 est. Other energy resources are in short supply. Greater amounts of potash (mined in Alsace), sodium chloride (from mines in Lorraine and Franche-Comt and from salt marshes in western and southern France), and sulfur (derived from natural gas in Aquitaine) are produced, but again the trend is toward declining output as reserves are depleted. By the 1960s, however, oil, as its price fell in real terms, was being used in ever-greater quantities, so that by 1973 about two-thirds of energy consumption was accounted for by crude oil. )consumption: 38.192 billion cubic meters (2020 est. ), production: 16.226 million cubic meters (2019 est. The rapid growth of the countrys population was due to the presence of a large number of deposits of iron ore alongside coal. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. )from petroleum and other liquids: 225.865 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Webfrance's natural resources A lthough diverse, the natural resources of France are relatively limited in quantity. )0.847 (2018 est. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Natural resources metropolitan France: coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, timber, arable land, fish; French Guiana: gold deposits, petroleum, kaolin, niobium, tantalum, clay Land use agricultural land: 52.7% (2018 est.) France has always been keen on a capitalistic market and the financial crisis of 2008-2009 largely affected its economy. )arable land: 33.4% (2018 est. The country also has substantial amounts of renewable energy and is known for its extensive timber and fishing industries. ), 338.425 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. France France is among the globes oldest nations, the product of an alliance of duchies and principalities under a single ruler in the Middle Ages. Some of the natural resources found in France include the following: Coal was an essential resource that played a significant role in the industrial revolution wave that swept across European countries including France. Roman Catholic 47%, Muslim 4%, Protestant 2%, Buddhist 2%, Orthodox 1%, Jewish 1%, other 1%, none 33%, unspecified 9%note: France maintains a tradition of secularism and has not officially collected data on religious affiliation since the 1872 national census, which complicates assessments of France's religious composition; an 1872 law prohibiting state authorities from collecting data on individuals' ethnicity or religious beliefs was reaffirmed by a 1978 law emphasizing the prohibition of the collection or exploitation of personal data revealing an individual's race, ethnicity, or political, philosophical, or religious opinions; a 1905 law codified France's separation of church and state, 0-14 years: 18.04% (male 6,322,021/female 6,040,773)15-64 years: 60.53% (male 20,846,592/female 20,632,418)65 years and over: 21.42% (2023 est.) The country also has substantial amounts of renewable energy and is known for its extensive timber and fishing industries. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. )1.09% of GDP (2020 est. WebThe principal source of iron ore in France is Lorraine.

It is Europes most important agricultural producer and one of the worlds leading industrial powers. In addition, Frances installed solar capacity increased by almost 700 percent between 2009 and 2011, and its 2.5 gigawatts of production represented almost 4 percent of the worlds total. ), total subscriptions: 38 million (2021 est. ), note: widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout France; as of 9 December 2022, France has reported a total of 37,252,086 cases of COVID-19 or 57276.2 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 155,898 cumulative deaths or a rate 239.7 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 7 December 2022, 80.54% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine, total: 11.44 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. France has few oil reserves, and production from wells in Aquitaine and the Paris Basin is extremely limited. )exports: 35,000 metric tons (2020 est. )permanent crops: 1.8% (2018 est. The country also has substantial amounts of renewable energy and is known for its extensive timber and fishing industries. They also produce dolomite for cement making, gravel and sand for mixing concrete and making glass, and clay for brick, tile, and pottery manufacture. France France is among the globes oldest nations, the product of an alliance of duchies and principalities under a single ruler in the Middle Ages. Webfrance's natural resources A lthough diverse, the natural resources of France are relatively limited in quantity. )nuclear: 68.4% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Bauxite was first discovered in France in 1821 in the Brignoles region in the Foix mining district. )transmission/distribution losses: 36.203 billion kWh (2020 est. )percent of population: 85% (2020 est. France has many rivers that run through its vast landscapes creating waterfalls backed by reservoirs and dams that are harnessed to produce electricity for the masses. Since 1958, it has constructed a hybrid presidential-parliamentary governing system resistant to the instabilities experienced in earlier, more purely parliamentary administrations. note: data are in current year dollars, Germany 14%, United States 8%, Italy 7%, Spain 7%, Belgium 7%, United Kingdom 7% (2019), aircraft, packaged medicines, cars and vehicle parts, gas turbines, wine (2019), $957.717 billion (2021 est.) Many of the remaining residents have turned to agriculture. France is among the globes oldest nations, the product of an alliance of duchies and principalities under a single ruler in the Middle Ages. Non-metallic minerals )1.11% (2019 est.). Author of, Professor of Political Science, European University Institute, Florence. Guadeloupe: Central America and the Caribbean; Martinique: Central America and the Caribbean; total: 643,801 sq km ; 551,500 sq km (metropolitan France)land: 640,427 sq km ; 549,970 sq km (metropolitan France)water: 3,374 sq km ; 1,530 sq km (metropolitan France)note: the first numbers include the overseas regions of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Reunion, slightly more than four times the size of Georgia; slightly less than the size of Texas, total: 3,956 kmborder countries (8): Andorra 55 km; Belgium 556 km; Germany 418 km; Italy 476 km; Luxembourg 69 km; Monaco 6 km; Spain 646 km; Switzerland 525 kmmetropolitan France - total: 2751 kmFrench Guiana - total: 1205 km, territorial sea: 12 nmcontiguous zone: 24 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nm (does not apply to the Mediterranean Sea)continental shelf: 200m depth or to the depth of exploitation. ), $6.356 trillion (2019 est. )investment in inventories: 0.9% (2017 est. Minerals like Potash are mined in Alsace while sodium chloride is extracted from the Lorraine mines and parts of the Franche-Comte. note: data are in current year dollars$916.214 billion (2019 est.) ), household consumption: 54.1% (2017 est. France Overview People Government - Politics Geography Economy )104.99% of GDP (2019 est. The quality of the ore was low and could not compete with coal from other nations. )hydroelectricity: 11.7% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )agricultural: 2.99 billion cubic meters (2020 est. )note: includes overseas territories, on food: 13.2% of household expenditures (2018 est. Natural resources metropolitan France: coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, timber, arable land, fish; French Guiana: gold deposits, petroleum, kaolin, niobium, tantalum, clay Land use agricultural land: 52.7% (2018 est.) )investment in fixed capital: 22.5% (2017 est. More than 25 percent of its territory is covered with forest, and another 50 percent is countryside or farmland. Coal now plays only a minor role, while the use of oil has also fallen, replaced partly by natural gas and notably by nuclear energy, which now accounts for more than one-third of primary energy consumption. )on alcohol and tobacco: 3.7% of household expenditures (2018 est. )imports: 46.11 billion cubic meters (2020 est. This has been attributed to the non-viability of a massive mining operation as those involved consider the bauxite deposit to be too small to justify any significant extraction undertaking. France has some coal, iron ores, bauxite, and uranium; but the coal veins are deep and difficult to work and are unsuitable for use in the manufacture of steel. ), total petroleum production: 81,500 bbl/day (2021 est. [Jean LASSALLE]Socialist Party or PS [Olivier FAURE]The Patriots or LP [Florian PHILIPPOT]The Republicans or LR [Christian JACOB]Together or ENS [Richard Ferrand] (electoral coalition including LREM, MoDem, Horizons, PRV)Union of Democrats and Independents or UDI [Jean-Christophe LAGARDE]Union of Right and Center or UDC [Christian JACOB] (electoral coalition including LR, UDI), ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BDEAC, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, FZ, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNRWA, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC, chief of mission: Ambassador Philippe Noel Marie Marc ETIENNE (since 8 July 2019)chancery: 4101 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007telephone: [1] (202) 944-6000FAX: [1] (202) 944-6166email address and website: info@ambafrance-us.orghttps://franceintheus.org/consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, Washington, DC, chief of mission: Ambassador Denise Campbell BAUER (since 5 February 2022); note - also accredited to Monacoembassy: 2 avenue Gabriel, 75008 Parismailing address: 9200 Paris Place, Washington DC 20521-9200telephone: [33] (1) 43-12-22-22, [33] (1) 42-66-97-83FAX: [33] (1) 42-66-97-83email address and website: Citizeninfo@state.govhttps://fr.usembassy.gov/consulate(s) general: Marseille, Strasbourgconsulate(s): Bordeaux, Lyon, Rennes, three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), white, and red; known as the "Le drapeau tricolore" (French Tricolor), the origin of the flag dates to 1790 and the French Revolution when the "ancient French color" of white was combined with the blue and red colors of the Parisian militia; the official flag for all French dependent areasnote: for the first four years, 1790-94, the order of colors was reversed, red-white-blue, instead of the current blue-white-red; the design and/or colors are similar to a number of other flags, including those of Belgium, Chad, Cote d'Ivoire, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, and Netherlands, Gallic rooster, fleur-de-lis, Marianne (female personification of the country); national colors: blue, white, red, name: "La Marseillaise" (The Song of Marseille)lyrics/music: Claude-Joseph ROUGET de Lislenote: adopted 1795, restored 1870; originally known as "Chant de Guerre pour l'Armee du Rhin" (War Song for the Army of the Rhine), the National Guard of Marseille made the song famous by singing it while marching into Paris in 1792 during the French Revolutionary Wars, total World Heritage Sites: 49 (43 cultural, 5 natural, 1 mixed); note - includes one site in New Caledonia and one site in French Polynesiaselected World Heritage Site locales: Chartres Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Versailles (c); Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vzre Valley (c); Pyrnes - Mont Perdu (m); Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay (c); Paris, Banks of the Seine (c); The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes (c); Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct) (c); Amiens Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Fontainebleau (c); Historic Fortified City of Carcassonne (c); Gulf of Porto: Calanche of Piana, Gulf of Girolata, Scandola Reserve (n), high-income, advanced and diversified EU economy and euro user; strong tourism, aircraft manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and industrial sectors; ongoing pension reform protests; high public debts and COVID-19 spending increases; global environmental leader, $3.048 trillion (2021 est.